Stabilized Insoluble Sulfur Manufacturing Business. Production of Insoluble Sulphur Stabilizing Agent
Insoluble sulfur (IS) is a type of sulfur polymer, which is insoluble in CS2 and is a good rubber vulcanizing agent [1-4]. There are two types of IS, oil-filled and non-oil-filled. The production of IS usually adopts a high temperature method, which causes the liquid or gas sulfur to spray into cold liquids to obtain IS with a concentration of 30-60wt%. To obtain high concentrations of IS, solvent has been used to extract the soluble sulfur, followed by filling with oil to obtain oil-filled IS [2, 7-11].
Insoluble sulfur is an important rubber additive agent. It improves product quality, wearability and resistance to both fatigue and ageing. In addition to being universally recognized as the best vulcanizing agent, it is widely used in the manufacture of tire, rubber pipe, shoes, cable and wire insulating materials, latex, all kinds of automobile rubber parts and is also a necessary component of belt tires. Therefore, due to its non-blooming characteristic, insoluble sulfur is widely used in the manufacture of radial rubber and other synthetic rubber products, also in the light-colored rubber products in which common sulfur is incorporated in high proportion.
Sulphur is stabilised in a form wholly or partially insoluble in carbon disulphide by incorporating therewith a dixanthogen of the formula where R and R' are each independently an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl group and may be substituted by halogen or alkoxy and n is 2 or 4. The insoluble sulphur can for example be plastic sulphur or white sulphur or substantially wholly insoluble sulphur derived therefrom. The sulphur is particularly useful in the vulcanisation of rubber.
Insoluble sulphur is primarily used in the rubber industry. Its advantage over ground natural sulphur is that it does not cause bloom, and that it does not dissolve and migrate in rubber. The S8 ring molecules present in soluble sulphur at room temperature open at temperatures above 158 °C, allowing chains of sulphur to combine with one another to form polymeric sulphur. Insoluble sulphur is produced by quenching the polymeric melt at low temperatures, preventing the reversion into S8 rings, leaving the polymer structure meta-stable at room temperature.
Insoluble Sulfur is a common sulfur allotrope, which is hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide by the reaction, and may be inclined to ordinary sulfur obtained by thermal polymerization. Its molecular structure of the sulfur is linear polymer with the characteristics of insoluble rubber, and are thus insoluble sulfur or sulfur polymerization. Insoluble Sulfur is currently mainly used in rubber industry. With the oblique side of sulfur, insoluble sulfur rubber vulcanization agent as its main features are:
· Insoluble sulfur in the rubber in a state of scattered and therefore do not rubber spray frost, a good sticky, at the same time ensure the quality of the appearance of light-colored products.
· Insoluble sulfur in the rubber compound spread uniformity, effectively inhibiting the aggregation of sulfur, is expected to reduce plastic storage process tend to scorch. 3) Oblique to S S. The higher the stability of the ring, cracking keys for 268kJ/molE, higher than the insoluble sulfur bond energy, so the process has the tendency to scorch earlier.
Uses & Applications
Insoluble sulfur is used however, surface bloom is eliminated. Insoluble sulfur becomes evenly distributed throughout the rubber composition during the mixing (mastication) step, but does not go into solution in the rubber composition. The distribution of the insoluble sulfur remains as it was when dispersed, there is no concentration gradient formed; and migration does not occur.
Insoluble sulfur is used; bin scorch is retarded to a point where it ceases to be a problem. Since insoluble sulfur is available for reaction only when curing (vulcanizing) temperatures are reached, no significant reaction takes place at lower temperatures. At these lower temperatures the insoluble sulfur merely remains as a suspended solid surrounded by rubber, until vulcanization takes place.
Insoluble sulfur is the preferred curing agent for the majority of the rubber industry. By keeping insoluble sulfur dispersed in the oil, any risk of conversion is lowered, while still facilitating the incorporation of the curing agent into the rubber compound. The effectiveness of Naphthenic oil provides the advantage of easy wetting of the sulfur particles, which ensures a good level of dispersion, and improved stability.
Market Outlook
Insoluble Sulphur is mainly used in tyre industry. The Indian market for Insoluble Sulpur is growing more than the growth rate for the tyre industry due to increasing share of radial tyres in commercial vehicles which consume more Insoluble Sulphur. With the revival of the global economy, the auto sector has picked up significantly resulting in huge demands and huge growth in the auto companies. This has trickled down to the auto ancillary sector and hence the demand for Insoluble Sulphur is growing at a robust pace and this trend is expected to continue in the coming year as new tyre capacities are being added in India.
Insoluble Sulfur Market is categorized based on product types such as Oil Filled, Others. The market is categorized based on application into Automotive, Industrial, Medical, Consumer Goods and Other.
Therefore, the demand for quality Insoluble Sulphur may be estimated at about 2, 25,000 Mtpa. The current demand of Insoluble Sulphur in India is estimated at 14500 Mtpa. This is expected to continue to grow in double digits on the back of the following factors:
Demand of Insoluble Sulphur is expected to grow with ratio of Radial Tyres and high performance and safety tyres to total production growing. Growth rate of Radicalization of Commercial Vehicle tyres which is currently at less than one third of the total demand of CV Tyres. India emerging as a hub for exports of tyres. New Capacities being set up in India for Tyre manufacturing by international players such as Bridgestone, Michelin and Yokohama as well as domestic players to cater to international market also.
Insoluble Sulfur Market is categorized based on geography into Asia Pacific (China, India, ASEAN, Australia & New Zealand), Japan, Middle East and Africa (GCC countries, S. Africa, Rest Of MEA), North America (U.S., Canada), Latin America (Brazil, Rest of Latin America), Western Europe (Germany, Italy, France, England, Spain, Rest of Western Europe), and Eastern Europe (Poland, Russia, Rest of Eastern Europe).
Global Insoluble sulphur market is primarily used in the rubber industry. Its advantage over ground natural sulphur is that it does not cause bloom, and that it does not dissolve and migrate in rubber. The S8 ring molecules present in soluble sulphur at room temperature open at temperatures above 158 °C, allowing chains of sulphur to combine with one another to form polymeric sulphur. Insoluble sulphur is produced by quenching the polymeric melt at low temperatures, preventing the reversion into S8 rings, leaving the polymer structure meta-stable at room temperature.
Global Insoluble Sulfur Market is expected to grow at a significant CAGR in the upcoming years as the scope, product types and its applications are increasing across the globe. Insoluble Sulfur is mainly used in the rubber industry. The advantage over the ground sulfur is that it does not cause blooming, and is soluble in rubber.
In addition, the insoluble sulfur additives can be added to more fully restore the carbon black in the iron and suppress and eliminate the production process of nitrosamines, the protection of the environment plays a significant role.
Globally, demand for insoluble sulphur is expected to grow at 5.2% CAGR in CY15-20E with demand in India growing at a CAGR of 10%+ due to robust automobile demand & increasing radialisation of tyres particularly in the CV space.
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